Since the description of the association between neuromyelitis optica (Devic’s disease) and aquaporin 4 IgG antibody (NMO-IgG), the search for this antibody has been considered a highly recommended laboratory test
when centromedullary multisegmental lesions are observed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Such MRI lesions have not been confined to acute NMO because other infectious and post-infectious disorders may display a
similar lesional pattern. However, NMO-IgG has not been currently searched and associated with these myelitides. The objective of this study is to report an infectious myelitis that tested positive for NMO-IgG and comment on the implications of this finding. We report the presence of NMO-IgG in one patient exhibiting centromedullary multisegmental lesions who presented Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.